Densitometry
A dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer, also known as a DEXA densitometer, is a special type of X-ray machine that is used to diagnose bone diseases such as osteoporosis (or the risk of developing it). It is used to determine bone mineral density and assess the risk of fractures.
As a result of the study, it is possible to take timely measures to prevent osteoporosis or detect it in its early stages.
When is a densitometric study recommended?
A densitometric study is recommended when there is a high risk of developing a bone disease such as osteoporosis.
Risk factors include:
- Fracture as a result of a minor fall or trauma;
- In women, the postmenopausal period;
- History of fracture or family history of osteoporotic fractures;
- Gastrointestinal disease: malabsorption, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatic disease, surgery (including bariatric surgery);
- Long-term use of such drugs as glucocorticosteroids (prednisolone, dexamethasone); anticoagulants (heparin); thyroid hormones; long-term therapy with anticonvulsants;
- Diseases of the endocrine system: diabetes mellitus, thyrotoxicosis, primary hyperparathyroidism;
- Rheumatoid diseases: rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus;
- Nutritional disorders: insufficient intake of foods containing calcium, vitamin D and protein;
- Excessive consumption of nicotine, alcohol and coffee;
- Reduced physical activity.
How safe is a densitometric study?
The DEXA densitometer, compared to standard X-ray examinations, uses much lower levels of radiation, so this method is considered to be practically safe, and minimally invasive.
The study requires no prior preparation, and although it is a very safe procedure, DEXA studies and X-rays are not recommended for pregnant women, as X-rays can be harmful to the fetus.
How is a densitometric study performed?
Densitometry is a quick and painless procedure that does not require any special preparation.
The radiology department of New Hospitals has an Osteosys ultramodern Excellus densitometer, which is used to determine the bone density in the straight and lateral position of the lumbar vertebrae, in the pelvis and forearm, while at the same time determining the 10-year risk of a femoral neck fracture using a frax calculator.
